# Security Assessment Report

## Executive Summary

- **Target:** http://localhost:36769
- **Assessment Date:** October 31, 2025
- **Scope:** Authentication, XSS, SQL and Command Injection, SSRF, Authorization testing

### Summary by Vulnerability Type

**Authentication Vulnerabilities:**
No authentication vulnerabilities were found. The application has no authentication system - all endpoints are accessible without credentials. While multiple session management misconfigurations exist (missing Secure/SameSite cookie flags, session fixation vulnerabilities, HTTP-only transport), these cannot be exploited for authentication bypass or account takeover because there are no user accounts or authentication mechanisms to compromise.

**Authorization Vulnerabilities:**
No authorization vulnerabilities were found. The application implements no role-based access control or authorization mechanisms. All users operate with identical permissions, eliminating the possibility of privilege escalation or unauthorized access attacks.

**Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerabilities:**
No XSS vulnerabilities were found. While code analysis identified a reflected XSS vulnerability in success.jsp (HTML escaping explicitly disabled), exploitation from the external network interface is blocked by Docker port mapping misconfiguration. The vulnerability requires internal Docker container access, placing it outside the scope of external network-based testing.

**SQL/Command Injection Vulnerabilities:**
No SQL or command injection vulnerabilities were found from the external network interface. The application has no database layer, eliminating SQL injection attack surface. While code analysis identified an OGNL injection vulnerability enabling remote code execution, this cannot be exploited from the mandated external network interface (http://localhost:36769) due to infrastructure misconfiguration that prevents any external access to the application.

**Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) Vulnerabilities:**
No SSRF vulnerabilities were found. The application performs no outbound HTTP requests, URL fetching, or external service integrations. The minimal Struts application accepts text messages and displays them without performing server-side requests to external or internal resources.

## Network Reconnaissance

**Open Ports and Exposed Services:**
- **Port 80/tcp:** Caddy HTTP server (system-wide service, not application-specific)
- **Port 443/tcp:** Caddy HTTPS (system-wide service, application not configured for TLS routing)
- **Port 8080/tcp:** Apache Tomcat 9.0.62 running inside Docker container (not published to host)
- **Port 36769/tcp:** Docker port mapping to container port 51222 (misconfigured - application runs on port 8080, not 51222)
- **Port 9999/tcp:** Unknown service returning "OK" response with permissive CORS headers
- **Port 49152/tcp:** Tailscale VPN service 1.82.5 (requires authentication, returns 401 Unauthorized)

**Security-Relevant Findings:**
- **Port Mapping Misconfiguration:** External port 36769 maps to container port 51222, but the Tomcat application runs on container port 8080. This results in connection reset errors when attempting to access http://localhost:36769, preventing external network access to the application.
- **HTTP-Only Deployment:** Application runs exclusively on HTTP port 8080 with no TLS/HTTPS configuration. All traffic transmitted in plaintext.
- **Permissive CORS Configuration:** Service on port 9999 responds with `Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *` and broad method/header permissions, potentially enabling cross-origin attacks.
- **No Security Headers:** Application deploys without Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, X-Content-Type-Options, or other protective HTTP headers.

**Application Access Status:**
The target application at http://localhost:36769 is currently inaccessible from the external network due to Docker port mapping misconfiguration. All exploitation attempts resulted in "Connection reset by peer" errors. Internal container access (via docker exec) confirms the application is running on port 8080, but this requires internal network positioning outside the scope of external HTTP-based penetration testing.

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# Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Exploitation Evidence

## Successfully Exploited Vulnerabilities

**None** - No XSS vulnerabilities were successfully exploited from the external network interface.

# Authentication Exploitation Evidence

## Successfully Exploited Vulnerabilities

**None** - Zero authentication bypasses or account takeovers achieved.

**Explanation:** This application has no authentication system, no user accounts, no session-stored data, and no privilege levels. Therefore, traditional authentication exploitation techniques (credential stuffing, session hijacking, privilege escalation) have no target to attack.
